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A deep dive into closures in JavaScript and how they help maintain state in functions.

What are JavaScript Closures?

A closure is a function that retains access to variables from its outer scope even after the outer function has executed.

Example:

A simple closure example in JavaScript:

Steps to Understand Closures:

• A function is defined inside another function.

• The inner function has access to variables from the outer function.

• The outer function executes, but its variables remain accessible to the inner function.

Example code:

JavaScript Code:

function outerFunction(outerVariable) {
    return function innerFunction(innerVariable) {
        console.log(`Outer: ${outerVariable}, Inner: ${innerVariable}`);
    };
}

const newFunction = outerFunction("Hello");
newFunction("World");

Closures are widely used in JavaScript for data encapsulation, event handling, and function currying.

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Understanding JavaScript Closures